--- title: Porsche · HICONIUM description: The engineer’s marque — depth of bloodline no rival can match. canonical_url: https://hiconium.com/manufacturers/porsche image: https://hiconium.com/og/marque/porsche.png --- > HICONIUM · Index: https://hiconium.com/llms.txt · Every page: append `.md` or send `Accept: text/markdown`. > Path: [Home](https://hiconium.com/) › [Manufacturers](https://hiconium.com/manufacturers) › Porsche > On this page: [The essential Porsches](#the-essential-porsches) · [Every Porsche on file](#every-porsche-on-file) · [Halo Supercars](#halo-supercars) · [GT & RS](#gt--rs) · [Air-cooled Icons](#air-cooled-icons) · [Vintage & Racing](#vintage--racing) · [A continuous idea, developed in public.](#a-continuous-idea-developed-in-public) · [Who drew and built the Porsche files](#who-drew-and-built-the-porsche-files) · [One crest, drawn in 1952.](#one-crest-drawn-in-1952) ![Porsche — manufacturer stage](https://hiconium.com/_derived/images/marques/stage/porsche.jpg.w1920.q75.webp) [Manufacturers  /  Porsche](https://hiconium.com/manufacturers) # Porsche Stuttgart, Germany · est. 1931 A continuous idea, developed in public. Porsche fed ideas from competition into its long-lived road-car families. The hierarchy includes early sports-racers and air-cooled 911s; original specification separates exceptional examples. Models 24 Top value €18M Period 1931– [Explore models](https://hiconium.com/manufacturers/porsche#essential) [Manufacturer profile](https://hiconium.com/manufacturers/porsche#house-profile) ![Porsche — manufacturer stage](https://hiconium.com/_derived/images/marques/stage/porsche.jpg.w1920.q75.webp) Curated entry points ## The essential Porsches Three cars that explain the manufacturer: its origins, its engineering peak and the shape of its modern ambition. [1972–1973 ### Carrera RS 2.7 The ducktail original — the most coveted air-cooled 911 of all. Collectibility 96 / 100 Indicative value €800k](https://hiconium.com/vehicles/porsche/carrera-rs-2-7) [1969–1971 ### 917 Porsche’s first outright Le Mans winner — the holy grail. Collectibility 99 / 100 Indicative value €18M](https://hiconium.com/vehicles/porsche/917) [2003–2006 ### Carrera GT A naturally-aspirated racing V10 and a carbon tub — no driver aids. Collectibility 96 / 100 Indicative value €1.8M](https://hiconium.com/vehicles/porsche/carrera-gt) Complete catalogue ## Every Porsche on file 24 models · 4 families By family Sort Filter ## Halo Supercars 4 The cars built to prove a point — each the fastest, most advanced Porsche of its day, made in small numbers and never repeated. The line from the 959 to the 918. [1986–1988 · 5 variants 959 The twin-turbo, all-wheel-drive moonshot that rewrote the supercar rules. €1.5M 62 sales · median $1.83M 94 Open the file](https://hiconium.com/vehicles/porsche/959) [1997 · One of one 911 GT1 Straßenversion The road-legal Le Mans winner — a handful built to homologate the racer. €6M 95 Open the file](https://hiconium.com/vehicles/porsche/911-gt1-stra-enversion) [2003–2006 Carrera GT A naturally-aspirated racing V10 and a carbon tub — no driver aids. €1.8M 74 sales · median $1.55M 96 Open the file](https://hiconium.com/vehicles/porsche/carrera-gt) [2013–2015 · 1 variants 918 Spyder The hybrid hypercar; the Weissach package is the one to own. €1.7M 53 sales · median $2.31M 92 Open the file](https://hiconium.com/vehicles/porsche/918-spyder) ## GT & RS 10 The lightweight, harder-edged 911s — from the original Carrera RS 2.7 through the modern GT department’s manual specials. The cars Porsche builds for the people who actually drive them. [1972–1973 · 3 variants Carrera RS 2.7 The ducktail original — the most coveted air-cooled 911 of all. €800k 64 sales · median $598.54K 96 Open the file](https://hiconium.com/vehicles/porsche/carrera-rs-2-7) [1991–1992 · 4 variants 964 Carrera RS The stripped, stiffened 964 — the purist’s early-’90s 911. €450k 13 sales · median $296.79K 90 Open the file](https://hiconium.com/vehicles/porsche/964-carrera-rs) [1995–1998 · 2 variants 993 GT2 Wide-arch, rear-drive, twin-turbo — the last air-cooled homologation car. €2.2M 17 sales · median $1.05M 93 Open the file](https://hiconium.com/vehicles/porsche/993-gt2) [2003–2004 996 GT3 RS The first RS of the water-cooled era — white with red or blue script. €320k 86 Open the file](https://hiconium.com/vehicles/porsche/996-gt3-rs) [2011 · 3 variants 997 GT3 RS 4.0 The send-off for the Mezger engine — 500 built, every one a keeper. €550k 14 sales · median $713.17K 92 Open the file](https://hiconium.com/vehicles/porsche/997-gt3-rs-4-0) [2015–2018 · 2 variants 991 GT3 RS Big-wing, 4.0-litre — the RS that went fully mainstream. €230k 82 Open the file](https://hiconium.com/vehicles/porsche/991-gt3-rs) [2017–2019 · 3 variants 991 GT2 RS The 700 hp widow-maker — the most powerful 911 of its day. €480k 31 sales · median $530.4K 89 Open the file](https://hiconium.com/vehicles/porsche/991-gt2-rs) [2016 911 R A GT3 RS with a manual box and no wing — the one that started the manual revival. €480k 18 sales · median $500K 90 Open the file](https://hiconium.com/vehicles/porsche/911-r) [2022– · 2 variants 992 GT3 RS Active aero from the racing programme — a downforce machine for the road. €320k 84 Open the file](https://hiconium.com/vehicles/porsche/992-gt3-rs) [2023– · 1 variants 911 S/T The 75th-anniversary special — GT3 RS engine, manual, lightest of all. €600k 31 sales · median $263.21K 88 Open the file](https://hiconium.com/vehicles/porsche/911-s-t) ## Air-cooled Icons 4 The wide-body turbocharged 911s and the air-cooled cars that defined the shape — from the original whale-tail 930 to the last, fastest 993 Turbo S. [1975–1989 · 3 variants 930 Turbo The whale-tail original — the car that made “Turbo” a Porsche legend. €180k 134 sales · median $252K 86 Open the file](https://hiconium.com/vehicles/porsche/930-turbo) [1992–1993 · 3 variants 964 Turbo S The lightweight, hand-built 964 Turbo — barely 80 made. €1.4M 11 sales · median $969.78K 91 Open the file](https://hiconium.com/vehicles/porsche/964-turbo-s) [1997–1998 993 Turbo S The last air-cooled Turbo — twin-turbo, 450 hp, the collector’s peak. €700k 26 sales · median $654K 90 Open the file](https://hiconium.com/vehicles/porsche/993-turbo-s) [2009–2010 · 2 variants 911 Sport Classic The 997 ducktail homage — 250 built, grey, double-bubble roof. €450k 13 sales · median $502.94K 85 Open the file](https://hiconium.com/vehicles/porsche/911-sport-classic) ## Vintage & Racing 6 Where it began and where it was proven — the 356 that founded the company, the open Spyders and the works prototypes that took Porsche to overall victory at Le Mans. [1948–1965 · 4 variants 356 The first car to wear the name; the Speedster and Carrera are the prizes. €250k 292 sales · median $287.43K 84 Open the file](https://hiconium.com/vehicles/porsche/356) [1953–1956 · 3 variants 550 Spyder The giant-killer roadster — the car James Dean made immortal. €4.5M 95 Open the file](https://hiconium.com/vehicles/porsche/550-spyder) [1964 · 3 variants 904 Carrera GTS The first fibreglass Porsche — arguably the prettiest racer they built. €2.4M 16 sales · median $2.2M 92 Open the file](https://hiconium.com/vehicles/porsche/904-carrera-gts) [1966 · 3 variants 906 Carrera 6 The last road-homologated works racer — gullwing doors, flat-six. €2.8M 90 Open the file](https://hiconium.com/vehicles/porsche/906-carrera-6) [1968–1971 · 3 variants 908 The three-litre prototype that set up the 917’s win. €3.5M 91 Open the file](https://hiconium.com/vehicles/porsche/908) [1969–1971 · 7 variants 917 Porsche’s first outright Le Mans winner — the holy grail. €18M 99 Open the file](https://hiconium.com/vehicles/porsche/917) The house ## A continuous idea, developed in public. Where Ferrari sold racing cars to the public, Porsche refined a single idea for sixty years: a flat engine hung behind the rear axle, made faster and more usable with every generation. The 911 is the longest continuous bloodline in the collector world, and the market prices each branch of it precisely. Air-cooled cars are the blue-chip core — the Carrera RS 2.7, the 964 and 993 specials, the wide-body Turbos. Since 2010 the modern GT department has built a second tier of instant collectibles, manual-gearbox cars deliberately made in numbers smaller than demand. At the very top sit the sports-racers: the 550, the 904, the 908 and the 917 that finally won Le Mans outright. These trade alongside the best Ferraris of their era, and a documented works history is worth as much as the car itself. Founded 1931 The business began as a Stuttgart engineering office; the first car bearing the Porsche name followed in 1948. Homologation output 1,580 Carrera RS 2.7s Porsche planned 500 cars for Group 4 homologation, but demand carried production to 1,580 by July 1973. Defining layout Rear-engined flat-six The 911 has kept its six-cylinder engine behind the rear axle since the model was presented in 1963. Documented sale US$14.08m Gooding sold 917K chassis 917-024 at Pebble Beach in 2017. Selected milestones ### A bloodline, not a list. 1. 1931 The engineering office opens Ferdinand Porsche establishes an independent design and engineering business in Stuttgart. 2. 1948 The first Porsche-badged car The 356 No. 1 Roadster receives its operating permit and begins the marque's production-car history. 3. 1963 The 911 line begins The six-cylinder 901 is presented at Frankfurt and enters production under the 911 name. 4. 1970 Porsche wins Le Mans outright The 917 gives Porsche its first overall victory at Le Mans and moves the company beyond class wins. 5. 1972 The road-going RS formula The Carrera RS 2.7 turns a 500-car homologation plan into a 1,580-car production run and establishes the RS line. 6. 2003 Carrera GT production begins A carbon-fibre chassis and naturally aspirated V10 bring an abandoned racing programme into a road car. 7. 2013 The hybrid flagship enters production The 918 Spyder combines a V8 with two electric motors and places hybrid technology at the top of the road-car range. What defines Porsche ### Development over reinvention Porsche evolves established layouts and model families across generations instead of replacing their central idea. ### Competition as development work Homologation cars and the RS and GT lines carry racing requirements into road-going production. ### Specification before badge Original configuration, production context and documentary history determine where an individual car sits in the collector hierarchy. The hands ## Who drew and built the Porsche files 2 names in the register stand behind this manufacturer. Each has a file of their own, following the work wherever it went. - [Andreas Preuninger Director of the GT model line at Weissach. 6 files · engineering engineering 6 files](https://hiconium.com/people/andreas-preuninger) - [Hans Mezger The flat-six, the 917’s flat-twelve, the TAG turbo. 3 files · engineering engineering 3 files](https://hiconium.com/people/hans-mezger) [The whole register of people](https://hiconium.com/people) The mark ## One crest, drawn in 1952. New York, 1951: importer Max Hoffman asks Ferry Porsche for a seal of quality his American customers can see. The legend says a napkin — the record says a design competition across Germany’s art colleges, and the answer that stuck came from inside the house. Engineer Franz Xaver Reimspieß — presumed author of Volkswagen’s roundel in 1936 — sketched it in early 1952: Stuttgart’s rearing horse set into the antlers and colours of Württemberg, the city spelled out, PORSCHE as the canopy above. Registered that year, on the steering-wheel hub by winter, on the 356’s bonnet by 1954. It has never left. Franz Xaver Reimspieß, 1952 · with publicity chief Hermann Lapper 1948–1952 The word alone — block capitals on the first 356s, no badge at all. Shown in today’s cut. ![Porsche crest, 1952–1963](https://hiconium.com/_derived/images/marques/history/porsche/crest-1952.png.w1920.q75.webp) 1952–1963 Reimspieß’s first crest: horse, antlers, and the city named. ![Porsche crest, 1963–1994](https://hiconium.com/_derived/images/marques/history/porsche/crest-1963.png.w1920.q75.webp) 1963–1994 Gold ground, sharper base — the 911 wears it from day one. ![Porsche crest, 1994–2008](https://hiconium.com/_derived/images/marques/history/porsche/crest-1994.png.w1920.q75.webp) 1994–2008 Redrawn flatter and warmer; burgundy replaces the bright red. ![Porsche crest, 2008–2023](https://hiconium.com/_derived/images/marques/history/porsche/crest-2008.png.w1920.q75.webp) 2008–2023 Polished dimensionality — the crest as jewellery. ![Porsche crest, 2023–](https://hiconium.com/_derived/images/marques/history/porsche/crest-2023.png.w1920.q75.webp) 2023– The 75th-anniversary redraw: matte gold, cleaner lines, a quieter horse.